Keeping your car in roadworthy condition requires regular maintenance, but the good news is that it doesn’t have to be complicated. Routine care can help you avoid costly repairs, prolong your car's lifespan and protect its long-term value. Plus, a well-maintained vehicle offers peace of mind every time you hit the road.
Here's a straightforward guide that breaks down ten essential car maintenance steps and a few tips to help you stay on top of things without breaking the bank.
Only carry out maintenance tasks you’re confident and competent to perform and always check the correct safety procedures beforehand. If you’re unsure how to do these checks safely, a garage will be able to assist you.
Your tyres are your car's direct touchpoint with the road, so paying attention to them is essential for both safety and efficiency. There are a number of simple checks you can do that will maintain your tyre’s performance and prolong their lifespan.
Check Tyre Pressure: Use a pressure gauge to ensure tyres are inflated to the manufacturer's recommended levels - you’ll usually find this on a sticker on the inside of the driver's door or in the owner’s manual. Underinflated tyres reduce fuel efficiency, while overinflated tyres can impair handling.
Inspect Tread Depth: The legal minimum tread depth is 1.6mm, but replacing tyres before they reach this limit can improve safety, especially in wet conditions. A simple way to check tread depth is with the 20p test: insert a 20p coin into the main tread grooves in several spots around the tyre. If you can see the outer edge of the coin, the tread is too shallow and the tyre needs replacing.
Signs of Wear: Don’t ignore cracks, bulges, or cuts on your tyres. These are signs it’s time for a replacement.
Investing time in maintaining your tyres can save you fuel, improve the lifespan of your car and keep you safer on the road.
2. Monitor Engine Oil
Engine oil is the lifeline of your car’s engine, ensuring smooth functioning and preventing wear on its components.
Check Oil Levels: Simply pull out the dipstick, wipe it clean then push it back into the tube. Once you remove it again ensure that the oil level is halfway between the minimum and maximum notches on the dipstick. If the level is below minimum your car needs oil. Some newer cars now have electric oil monitors.
Top Up or Replace: If the oil looks dark or gritty, it might be time for an oil change. Follow your car manual for the recommended type and grade of oil.
Oil Change Intervals: Typically, oil should be replaced every 5,000 to 7,500 miles, but this can vary based on your car and driving habits.
Healthy oil equals a healthy engine - don’t overlook this simple task.
3. Coolant Checks
Coolant helps regulate your engine’s temperature and prevents it from overheating. Always ensure you have the correct coolant as the wrong mixture can lead to engine damage.
Check Coolant Levels: Look at the coolant reservoir and ensure the fluid is between the minimum and maximum markers. If it’s below minimum you will need to add more coolant.
Signs of Issues: Leaks, overheating, or discoloured coolant often signal a problem and should prompt a visit to your mechanic.
Top Up When Needed: Use the correct coolant mixture recommended by your car manufacturer.
Regular coolant checks can save you from costly repairs down the line.
4. Brake Checks
Your brakes are a critical safety feature, so keeping them in good condition is a non-negotiable. Fully-functioning brakes help prevent accidents on the road and early detection of any damage can prevent more expensive repairs at a later date.
Inspect Behaviour: Listen for squeaking or grinding noises while braking - these are clear indicators that your brake pads may need replacing.
Inspect Brake Pads and Discs: If there's visible wear or you notice it takes longer to stop, you should get them checked by a mechanic immediately.
Schedule Maintenance: It’s advisable to include brake inspections during routine servicing.
Your safety depends on well-functioning brakes - don’t ignore the warning signs. If you notice any wear and tear you should get them checked as soon as possible.
A car that won’t start can ruin your day. Regular battery care ensures you’re never caught off guard - helping to extend the overall lifespan of the battery and preventing unexpected breakdowns.
Check Battery Health: Use a multimeter to measure the voltage. Healthy batteries should read between 12.6 and 12.8 volts.
Clean Terminals: Corrosion on terminals can disrupt power flow. Clean them with a mixture of water and baking soda. Don’t forget to wear rubber gloves and safety glasses to protect yourself whilst cleaning the terminals.
Signs of Replacement Needs: Difficulty starting, dimming headlights, or a dashboard warning light are telltale signs your battery needs attention.
Tip for Used Cars: Our guide on: What to look for when buying a used car provides insights into assessing battery quality when purchasing second-hand vehicles.
Replacing your battery on time saves you from inconvenient breakdowns.
6. Replace Air Filters
Air filters are vital for the optimal performance of your car - protecting the engine from dust and debris that could damage your engine.
Check Filters Regularly: Clogged filters limit airflow, reducing fuel efficiency and engine power. Inspect them during servicing.
Replace When Needed: Replace air filters every 12,000 to 15,000 miles or as recommended in your car’s manual.
Replacing air filters is an inexpensive job that offers big benefits to the performance of your car.
7. Check Windscreen Wiper Fluid
Clear visibility is a priority when driving is impacted by different weather conditions. Keeping your wiper fluid topped up will help keep your windscreen clear of debris like dirt, dust and road salt that can obstruct your view.
Top Up Regularly: Use windscreen washer fluid, not water, to ensure optimal cleaning performance.
Choose Wisely: Opt for a fluid suited to the climate, like one with antifreeze properties during winter months.
Keep Spare Fluid: Having extra fluid on hand can be a lifesaver - make sure you’re not caught short.
Dirty windshields are no match for properly maintained wiper fluid and help ensure you’re prepared for whatever the elements throw at you.
Worn wiper blades can compromise visibility and put you at risk, not to mention damage your windshield. If your blades are malfunctioning you could risk failing your MOT so it’s important to keep them in working order.
Inspect Condition: Streaking, squeaking, or skipping blades mean it’s time for a replacement.
Replace Regularly: Swap them out every 6-12 months depending on wear and tear.
Don’t wait for a rainy day to realise your wipers are letting you down!
9. Cleaning Your Car
Maintaining your car's appearance protects both its value and functionality. Not only that, it will improve the hygiene of your driving environment. Taking some time to clean it properly helps prevent build up of debris that can impact paintwork and mechanics. Research suggests that dirt on your car can disrupt airflow, increase drag, and force your engine to work harder. While the effect might not be huge, keeping your car clean could help boost fuel efficiency.
Exterior Care: Regular washing, waxing, and rust prevention guard against environmental damage.
Interior Care: Vacuum floors, wipe down surfaces, and use air fresheners to maintain a clean interior.
A clean car not only looks great but retains its value better.
10. Lights and Indicators
Fully functioning lights and indicators are essential for your safety and that of others. Make sure you’re regularly doing these routine checks to ensure your visibility on the road.
Test Regularly: Check headlights, brake lights, indicators, and reverse lights periodically.
Replace Bulbs: Dim or non-functioning bulbs should be replaced immediately.
This simple habit ensures you’re visible and compliant with road safety laws.
Buy in Bulk: Stock up on essentials like oil, coolant, or wiper fluid for cost savings and to ensure you always have some handy.
Drive Smart: Smooth acceleration and braking reduce unnecessary wear and fuel consumption.
Keep on top of maintenance with these tips:
Listen for Unusual Noises: Your car sounding different to normal can be an early indicator of issues.
Schedule Regular Servicing and MOTs for peace of mind.
F.L.O.W.E.R. It: Remember Fuel, Lights, Oil, Water, Electrics, and Rubber when performing quick checks.
Car Maintenance and Car Finance
Keeping your car in good condition isn’t just about avoiding inconvenience - it also protects your financial investment.
Avoid Devaluation: Proper maintenance ensures your car retains its value if you plan on a part-exchange or resale in the future.
Finance Protection: Some types of vehicle finance may have return condition clauses. Learn more about car loans.
FAQs
How often should I check my car’s oil?
You should aim to check your car’s oil on a monthly basis and always before you undertake a long journey. This will maintain your engine’s health and help you to quickly identify a potential leak or if you are rapidly burning through fuel. Oil should be changed every 5,000-7,500 miles. This will be done as part of a car service - ensuring you maintain a yearly service will keep you up to date.
How do I know when to change my tyres?
If tread depth is under 1.6mm, it’s time for a change. This is the legal minimum tread depth in the UK. Regularly inspect your tyres for damage like cracks, bulges or cuts then consult a specialist to determine if it can be repaired or if you need to make a change.
How do I know if my wiper blades need replacing?
If your wiper blades are showing signs of wear like streaking, missing spots, or making a squeaking noise then they should be replaced. As a rule of thumb, consider replacing your blades every 6-12 months to maintain optimal performance.
Can I clean my car in winter?
Yes, it’s a good idea to keep up your car cleaning routine in the winter. Roads are regularly salted during this period and excess salt can build up and scratch your car’s paint. The poorer weather also leads to more mud and water on the roads - regular cleaning will improve your car’s overall condition. Bear in mind, it’s advisable to choose warmer days to wash your car. Water can freeze on your car in low temperatures and, in some cases, even crack glass.
Can poor maintenance affect car finance agreements?
Yes, a poorly maintained car can impact resale or return condition depending on the terms of your finance agreement. You may be subject to penalties and charges if the condition of your car is significantly worse than the normal wear and tear that was outlined in your agreement.
By following the steps above, you’ll enjoy a safer, more reliable car while helping protect its value.
